Opposition to the construction of new data centers is escalating across the United States, with a recent poll indicating 70% of Americans are against new builds in their communities. This trend has led to delays or cancellations for 40% of new data center projects in 2026, a development welcomed by China in the global artificial intelligence (AI) and tech competition.
This public backlash has become an electoral concern, prompting actions such as a construction moratorium announced by Texas Governor Greg Abbott, and a similar pause initiated by New York Governor Kathy Hochul. Despite widespread acknowledgment among policymakers that data centers are essential for powering the future economy, including AI, the Internet of Things, and cloud computing, public apprehension, particularly when proposals involve building near residential areas, persists.
The current situation echoes the widespread opposition faced by large-scale fracking a decade ago. During that period, misinformation amplified by foreign entities, including Russian state media, fueled public concern. Celebrities also joined protests, leading to fracking bans in several states. Ultimately, proponents of fracking successfully countered these arguments, leading to the United States becoming the world's largest oil and gas producer. This energy independence has been credited with mitigating the economic impact of geopolitical events, such as recent hostilities in the Strait of Hormuz.
Experts suggest that lessons learned from the fracking debate can guide current efforts to address public concerns about data centers. A key takeaway is the importance of engaging at the local level. This involves partnering with local businesses and governments to highlight job creation and economic opportunities associated with data center development. Identifying and showcasing communities that welcome data centers can serve as examples of how these facilities can integrate with existing communities and values.
Furthermore, collaboration with responsible environmental and citizen associations can help dispel myths and emphasize adherence to safety and cost guidelines. For instance, concerns that data centers deplete water resources can be addressed by comparing their consumption to that of other entities, such as golf courses, and by highlighting ongoing technical and safety improvements in the industry. Efforts to demonstrate that data centers do not negatively impact water supplies, except in already low water table areas where well construction would be unfeasible, can also be effective.
Industry stakeholders also emphasize the potential consequences of not proceeding with data center development, drawing parallels to the energy dependence experienced during past energy crises. Reminding the public of China's potential gains and the disadvantages the U.S. could face in the AI race if development falters is seen as crucial. The reliance on connected devices in modern households, which has increased dramatically since 2010, underscores the growing demand for power that the existing grid may not meet without new data centers.
The argument is made that the U.S. can overcome current opposition, much like it did with fracking, by focusing on local engagement, dispelling misinformation, and emphasizing the critical role data centers play in maintaining technological competitiveness and modern life.