Federal and state health officials are investigating Taylor Farms, a California-based supplier of shredded iceberg lettuce, as a potential source of a widespread cyclosporiasis outbreak. The outbreak has led to over 5,800 confirmed infections nationwide, with thousands more cases under review.
Michigan has been particularly hard-hit, reporting more than 4,300 cases, a significant increase from its usual annual average of fewer than 50. The state has also recorded 102 hospitalizations related to the illness. Nationally, hospitalizations have reached 102.
Cyclosporiasis is an intestinal infection caused by the Cyclospora parasite. It is typically contracted through contaminated food or water and is not spread from person to person. The parasite can adhere to fresh produce, making it difficult to remove through washing. Symptoms, which usually appear two days to two weeks after exposure, include prolonged watery diarrhea, stomach cramps, nausea, fatigue, loss of appetite, and weight loss.
While treatable with antibiotics, untreated infections can last for weeks and lead to dehydration. Approximately one in 11 cases has resulted in hospitalization, though no deaths have been reported.
In response to the outbreak, Taco Bell recently removed several ingredients from its menu at U.S. locations, including lettuce, pico de gallo, guacamole, and cilantro-onion. Notices posted at restaurants stated that these items were unavailable due to a "nationwide recall," though no official recalls have been issued in connection with the cyclosporiasis cases.
Items affected by the removal include tacos, the Crunchwrap Supreme, and certain Cantina Chicken offerings. It remains unclear if any Taco Bell customers have become ill from the outbreak. The company has not yet issued a public statement regarding the investigation into Taylor Farms.
Health experts advise thorough washing of all fresh fruits and vegetables, even those that appear clean. For produce with a peel, such as bananas and melons, washing the exterior before cutting is recommended. Items like carrots and apples, which are peeled, are considered safer after peeling removes the outer layer. Public health guidelines also recommend avoiding food and water at risk of fecal contamination.
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention notes that most individuals with healthy immune systems recover from cyclosporiasis without specific treatment. The parasite's prevalence typically peaks between May and August.