A recent study suggests a link between specific gut bacteria and psychopathic traits, proposing a measurable biological marker beyond traditional neurocognitive models. The research, led by scientists at the University of Porto in Portugal, explored the association between the composition of gut and oral microbiota and subclinical psychopathic personality traits.
Psychopathy is characterized by a lack of empathy, antisocial tendencies, impulsiveness, and egoism, and has traditionally been associated with brain structure, particularly the prefrontal cortex. However, this study hypothesized that the body's microbial makeup could also play a role.
The study involved 200 healthy adult participants who completed a survey to quantify psychopathic traits. Researchers then analyzed blood, saliva, and fecal samples to determine the bacterial composition and other metabolic markers. While individual microbial diversity did not directly indicate psychopathy, comparative analysis revealed a pattern.
Participants who scored higher on the psychopathy survey also exhibited greater levels of three specific gut bacteria: Allisonella, Prevotella, and Cloacibacillus evryensis. The exact mechanism behind this correlation is not yet understood. However, Allisonella has been linked to various diseases and its potential to induce inflammation, which is associated with anxiety and depression, could be a factor. Prevotella has previously been associated with psychiatric conditions, and researchers noted that C. evryensis produces a brain chemical that may affect impulse control.
Conversely, the microbe Treponema vincentii showed an inverse association with psychopathic characteristics, though the reason for this is unclear. The researchers stated that these findings suggest a biological footprint for psychopathy that extends beyond existing neurocognitive theories.
It is important to note that the study demonstrates a correlation, not causation. Further research is required to establish a definitive link and understand the precise biological pathways involved.