New research indicates that the most attractive eye shape features a larger amount of visible white, known as the sclera, surrounding the iris. This characteristic contributes to a more open and expressive appearance, contrasting with the narrow, almond-shaped gaze often idealized in traditional beauty standards. Celebrities like Anya Taylor-Joy and Jeremy Allen White are cited as real-life examples whose eyes closely match these findings.
The study, published in the journal Plos One, involved researchers from the University of Quebec who digitally manipulated photographs of 50 male and female faces. They altered the visible scleral area, presenting volunteers with images featuring either a smaller exposure (around 31.5%) or a larger exposure (around 43.8%). Participants consistently rated faces with more visible whites as more attractive.
Beyond attractiveness, these faces were also perceived as more trustworthy and social. The researchers posit that this preference may be linked to the way larger-looking eyes can appear younger, more expressive, and easier to interpret. The ability to follow someone's gaze is also facilitated by greater scleral exposure, which is crucial for social interaction, inferring attention, and understanding intentions.
Scleral exposure can naturally change with age, typically peaking between the ages of 20 and 25. As facial muscles and skin soften over time, the amount of visible white can decrease. Therefore, a greater display of eye white might serve as a visual cue for youthfulness and health.
While not scientifically supported, the concept of 'sanpaku eyes,' where extra white is visible above or below the iris, has been linked to personality and fate in some cultural contexts. Ophthalmologists generally consider this a normal variation in eye shape.
Separately, the sclera can offer insights into a person's health. Bright white sclera indicate good health, while yellowing may signal liver issues like jaundice. Redness can result from allergies, infection, or fatigue, and a blue tint might indicate certain genetic disorders. Doctors advise that any persistent changes in the color of the eye whites should be medically evaluated, as they can be early indicators of underlying health problems.