Some dogs may develop an unhealthy fixation on their toys, exhibiting behaviors that experts describe as addiction-like, according to a study published in the journal Royal Society Open Science. These dogs can struggle to calm down, remain highly aroused, and sleep less during the day, suggesting their motivation for toys has become excessive.
The research, which analyzed data from over 1,600 dogs across 33 countries, found that dogs with the highest toy motivation were more prone to overexcitement and difficulty relaxing after play. They also tended to sleep less, indicating a persistent state of heightened arousal.
This behavior was particularly prevalent in working and sporting breeds, such as German Shepherds and Terriers, and often emerged in puppyhood. These intensely toy-driven dogs may prioritize toys over other rewards and even social interactions with their owners. In some cases, individuals remained unable to calm down or refocus their attention for up to 15 minutes after toys were removed.
Researchers emphasized that a strong desire to play is not inherently problematic and can be beneficial for training and working roles. However, when a dog's enthusiasm becomes so extreme that it impairs their ability to regulate behavior, relax, or switch attention, it may indicate an issue.
Warning signs of an excessive obsession include a constant fixation on a toy even outside of playtime, difficulty calming down after play, and remaining highly excited long after a game has ended. Dogs may also appear over-motivated by the prospect of play and sleep less during the day.
The study used the term "addiction-like" to describe these excessive reward-seeking behaviors and loss of self-control, noting it is a descriptive model based on observable actions rather than a direct parallel to human psychiatric diagnoses. The tendency for these behaviors appears to develop early in a dog's life.