The current World Cup has seen a significant increase in red cards, with issuances more than tripling compared to the previous two tournaments, according to a study by scientists at Northeastern University. A total of 13 red cards have been issued so far in the current tournament, a stark contrast to the four red cards issued in both the 2018 and 2022 World Cups.
The study analyzed match data from the 2018, 2022, and the current World Cup tournaments, finding that while yellow cards have decreased – averaging 2.52 per game compared to 3.20 in 2018 and 3.50 in 2022 – red cards have surged. The current tournament averages 0.141 red cards per game, compared to 0.031 in 2018 and 0.016 in 2022.
Scientists attribute this rise primarily to advancements in video assistant referee (VAR) technology. The study highlights that three red cards in the current tournament were initially deemed yellow-card offenses but were upgraded after review of VAR footage. Examples include a last-man foul, a leg-breaking tackle, and a denial of an obvious goal-scoring opportunity (DOGSO).
In addition to VAR, new FIFA rules and regulations concerning safe and ethical play are also believed to be influencing the increase in red cards. The study notes that two red cards were issued to players who violated a new rule prohibiting players from covering their mouths when speaking to opponents.
Conversely, the researchers suggest that FIFA's new rules are also responsible for the decrease in yellow cards and fouls, attributing this to allowing games to flow more smoothly without constant stoppages for minor infringements.
The analysis also noted that scientists from Northeastern University reviewed match data and found that a total of 13 red cards have already been issued in the current tournament, compared to just four in both 2018 and 2022.
