New research suggests that popular weight-loss medications, including Ozempic and Mounjaro, may be associated with an almost 50% increased risk of experiencing changes in taste and smell. While the impact of these drugs, collectively known as GLP-1s, on appetite and subsequent weight loss is well-documented, this study highlights a potential sensory side effect.
The study, published in JAMA Otolaryngology, analyzed data from over 870,000 patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes across 170 healthcare institutions worldwide between 2017 and 2026. Participants were divided into two groups: one prescribed GLP-1s and a control group using other diabetes medications. The findings revealed that patients on GLP-1s were approximately 50% more likely to report that food tasted and smelled different compared to those in the control group.
Researchers theorize that these drugs may affect taste bud cells and the brain regions responsible for processing taste, smell, and reward. This could alter the perceived appeal of flavors, potentially making high-calorie foods less enticing. The study noted that while individuals with type 2 diabetes are already more prone to smell and taste disturbances due to nerve damage and poor blood flow, GLP-1 agonists might exacerbate these effects.
Despite the increased likelihood, the researchers emphasized that this side effect is rare. They also pointed out that sensory changes can sometimes precede neurological conditions, suggesting that older patients or those with predisposing factors might benefit from closer monitoring. However, the study cautioned against routine discontinuation of the medications, citing their established benefits, such as improved blood sugar control and reduced risk of heart attack.
A previous study from 2025 indicated that about one in five patients taking Ozempic, Wegovy, or Mounjaro reported that foods tasted saltier or sweeter, though bitterness and sourness perceptions remained unchanged. This earlier research also found a correlation between taste alteration and increased feelings of fullness, reduced appetite, and fewer cravings.
Experts remain cautious about attributing significant weight reduction solely to taste changes, noting that weight management is multifactorial, involving diet, exercise, sleep, and stress levels. The findings emerge as a new pill form of Wegovy, containing the same active ingredient as the injectable versions, has recently been approved for use in the UK, with expectations of high patient uptake.
Mounjaro is currently available privately for patients with a BMI of 27 or higher who have a weight-related condition. For individuals with type 2 diabetes, it is licensed for NHS use when other treatments have been ineffective. Ozempic may be considered when three prior medications have not adequately managed the condition.
Collectively, an estimated 1.6 million people in the UK are reportedly using GLP-1 agonists, with many more anticipating the availability of new treatment forms.