Vaginal dryness, a symptom often overshadowed by hot flashes and irregular periods, is a discomfort that individuals experiencing menopause should not ignore, according to medical professionals.
Dr. Kecia Gaither, a double board-certified gynecologist and Associate Professor of Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology at Weill Cornell Medicine, explained that vaginal dryness in menopause is typically linked to declining estrogen levels. This decrease causes vaginal tissue to become thinner, less elastic, and less capable of producing lubrication. The result can be burning, itching, uncomfortable urinary symptoms, and pain during intercourse.
Experts have previously noted that prolonged dryness can increase the risk of recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs) and may cause light bleeding. Additionally, the rise in vaginal pH during menopause can disrupt the balance of beneficial lactobacilli that help protect the area.
While there is no single best treatment for vaginal and vulvar dryness, Gaither advised that the choice is individualized. Factors such as the duration of the symptom, the intended use of a product, and whether it causes irritation should be considered. A practical starting point for many may be to use a vaginal moisturizer for general comfort and a lubricant for intercourse. These can also be used alongside prescription treatments for more significant symptoms, which may include low-hormone creams, insertable rings, or oral medications.
When selecting over-the-counter products, Gaither suggested avoiding those with added fragrance, parabens, and glycerin, as these can provoke irritation or predispose individuals to yeast infections.
For external relief, some find relief with vulvar moisturizers applied several times weekly. Products like Kindra Daily V Lotion offer a lightweight option formulated with hyaluronic acid, a skin-calming peptide, shea butter, and coconut oil, aiming to relieve dryness and discomfort. Another option for external dryness is Medicine Mama's vulva balm, an organic product containing beeswax and propolis, which helps create a protective barrier.
For lubrication during intercourse, silicone-based lubricants like Überlube can provide longer-lasting slip and are beneficial for friction-related discomfort. Water-based lubricants, such as Good Clean Love's Rehydrate gel containing hyaluronic acid, are also recommended for their ease of removal and compatibility with condoms and toys. Vagisil's Prohydrate Moisturizing Lubricant offers a long-lasting internal option, with some users reporting effectiveness for up to three days, and is also free from estrogen and fragrance.
It is important for individuals to consult with their healthcare provider before using any new products to address vaginal dryness.