The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) in the U.S. has announced a ban on the import of foreign-made humanoid robots, primarily targeting China, citing national security risks. The move also encompasses four-legged robots and foreign-made power inverters.

FCC chairperson Brendan Carr stated that the decision aims to "secure America’s critical supply chains." U.S. officials contend that these advanced robots produced in foreign countries, particularly China, present supply chain vulnerabilities, as well as cybersecurity and national security risks.

This action is part of a broader U.S. effort to restrict Chinese technology imports, following previous bans on items such as Chinese-made drones. The U.S. is also considering restrictions on Chinese open-source artificial intelligence models amidst China's rapid advancements in AI.

China is the dominant player in the global humanoid robot market. Analysts estimate Chinese manufacturers hold approximately 85% of the global market share. In 2025, of the estimated 15,000 humanoid robots shipped globally, Chinese companies Unitree and AGIBOT each shipped over 5,000 units, while U.S. companies like Tesla and Figure AI shipped only a few hundred. China's humanoid robot market is projected to reach $15 billion by 2030.

Analysts suggest that restricting access to the U.S. market will remove a significant future sales opportunity for Chinese manufacturers and protect U.S. developers from price competition. However, they note that the ban is unlikely to materially slow China's overall development in the sector, given the strength of its domestic manufacturing base and opportunities in other export markets, such as Europe.

The ban could potentially impact collaborations between U.S. and Chinese technology firms. For instance, Nvidia recently revealed a humanoid robot reference design that utilizes the chassis of Chinese robot maker Unitree. The Pentagon has previously identified Unitree and other Chinese technology companies as having ties to or aiding the Chinese military, claims that Beijing denies.

China has defended its technological advancements, positioning them as global opportunities rather than threats, as concerns grow in countries like the U.S. about the potential economic impact of a "China Shock 2.0."