Taco Bell has removed several ingredients from its menu due to the widespread presence of the cyclospora parasite, which causes severe gastrointestinal symptoms including explosive diarrhea and vomiting. Notices posted at several U.S. locations indicate that lettuce, pico de gallo, guacamole, and cilantro-onion are no longer available. This action comes as reported cases of cyclosporiasis, an infection caused by the parasite, have been confirmed in numerous states.
Michigan has reported nearly 1,000 residents sickened by the parasite. Nationwide, at least 1,900 cases have been reported this year, according to reports, though official figures from the CDC have not been updated since July 1 and show fewer cases. Health officials from 29 states have confirmed cases, with North Carolina and New York reporting the second and third highest numbers of illnesses, respectively.
The exact source of the current outbreak remains unknown, and state and federal health officials are investigating. Previous outbreaks have been linked to fresh produce such as bagged salad kits, cilantro, basil, and raspberries, whose bumpy surfaces can harbor contaminants. Cyclosporiasis is typically acquired by consuming food or beverages contaminated with the parasite, often through fecal matter. Human-to-human transmission is considered rare.
Symptoms of cyclosporiasis usually appear about a week after exposure and, if untreated, can last for over a month, with periods of remission and relapse. The Cleveland Clinic advises that the infection causes watery and sometimes explosive diarrhea, along with other stomach issues. The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends avoiding food and water at risk of contamination and adhering to general food safety practices to prevent infection.
The Michigan Department of Health and Human Services (MDHHS) has issued guidance to restaurants to mitigate the spread. Recommendations include washing whole heads of lettuce thoroughly, trimming and washing green onions, and washing raspberries and snow peas under running water. The MDHHS also noted that heating food to 158°F (70°C) can kill the parasite. These precautions are particularly important for individuals at higher risk, including young children, older adults, and those with weakened immune systems.
It is unclear if any Taco Bell customers have become ill due to cyclosporiasis. The company has stated that items normally containing the removed ingredients will be served without them. The chain has not specified which recall it is referencing, as no official food recalls have been issued in connection with the current cyclosporiasis cases.