New Study Suggests Liquid Treatment Could Halt Cavity Progression
Researchers found that silver diamine fluoride, applied with a brush, stopped decay in over half of young children's teeth in a recent trial.
A groundbreaking and inexpensive treatment could potentially replace the dental drill for cavities, one of the most common dental issues. A study by University of Michigan researchers indicates that a liquid solution, applied without drilling, injections, or anesthesia, can stop cavities from progressing.
In the trial, over 800 children under the age of 6 had a 38% silver diamine fluoride (SDF) solution brushed onto their teeth. This application, which took only seconds per tooth, successfully halted decay in more than half of the children's baby teeth when reapplied every six months.
While SDF does not restore lost tooth structure, it is designed to prevent existing decay from worsening. The combination of silver and fluoride works by combating the bacteria responsible for tooth decay and strengthening the tooth's mineral structure to resist future damage. A potential drawback is that the treatment leaves a permanent dark stain on the decayed portion of the tooth, though this is less of a concern for baby teeth that will eventually fall out.
For adults, SDF could serve as a way to manage decay over a longer period or as a temporary measure before a filling. The treatment may also be beneficial for individuals with disabilities, severe dental anxiety, or those who cannot tolerate or access conventional dental care.
"If we want more children and families to benefit from this treatment, we need rigorous evidence showing both that it works and that it’s safe," said lead study investigator Margherita Fontana, a professor of dentistry at the University of Michigan School of Dentistry. The findings from this study provide evidence that may support FDA approval for cavity treatment in the U.S., a regulatory change that researchers believe would be an important innovation.
SDF was approved by the FDA in 2014 for tooth sensitivity, and dentists have been using it off-label for cavity treatment. While this novel approach may not be effective for every cavity and does not prevent all future dental issues, the quick application offers a less invasive alternative to traditional drilling and filling procedures.