New Book Argues Declining Literacy Threatens Critical Thinking
Author James Marriott contends that a reduction in reading is hindering society's ability to focus, debate, and think critically.
A new book, "The New Dark Ages" by James Marriott, argues that declining literacy in the digital era is diminishing critical thinking skills.
Marriott, a journalist with a background in antiquarian bookselling, posits that despite the ubiquity of digital media, reading remains vital. He highlights concerns voiced by educators who observe students struggling with basic reading comprehension and the ability to analyze plot and characterization simultaneously. The book cites screenwriters who feel compelled to repeatedly explain plot points in dialogue because audiences are distracted by their phones.
Evidence presented in the book suggests a societal decline in cognitive abilities. Social scientist James Flynn's research indicates a drop in teenage IQs, attributing this to an "unenriched cognitive environment." The book also notes that by the end of the 20th century, university graduates born after 1969 spent fewer hours reading weekly than less-educated individuals born before 1950.
This decline in reading, Marriott argues, has impaired society's capacity for critical thought, sustained focus, and nuanced debate. He acknowledges that even historical figures like Samuel Johnson found reading a challenge, suggesting that the struggle to concentrate predates the digital age.
Despite the bleak outlook, Marriott finds cause for optimism, citing a significant portion of teenagers who express regret over the invention of platforms like TikTok. He advocates for the enduring value of books, suggesting they are central to a "new and radical way of looking at the world." The book concludes that smartphones have not rendered books obsolete, but rather demonstrated their irreplaceability.
"The New Dark Ages" is available now from the Mail Bookshop. The book explores the connection between literature and cultural figures like David Bowie, Paul McCartney, and Iggy Pop, noting how past popular music drew inspiration from literary works. Marriott's father was an English teacher who emphasized the importance of literature. The book's publication date was September 29, 2026.