Bird Flu Outbreaks in Sacramento Lead to Poultry Flock Euthanasia

Sacramento County officials confirmed two separate outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI), commonly known as bird flu, in backyard flocks, prompting the euthanasia of all birds in both affected populations. The California Department of Food and Agriculture first confirmed an infection on October 5, followed by a second case on October 23.

Officials have not disclosed the exact number of birds culled or the specific locations of the infected flocks. Despite the outbreaks, state agriculture authorities have not implemented restrictions on poultry movement within Sacramento County.

Sacramento County Public Health is actively working to identify and notify individuals who may have been exposed to the infected birds. While authorities have stated the overall public health risk remains low, the virus can be devastating to poultry, causing severe illness and sudden death.

Wild birds, particularly ducks and geese, are known carriers of HPAI and can transmit the virus to domestic flocks. The disease can also spread through contaminated equipment, clothing, and surfaces. County officials are advising residents to keep their poultry separated from wild birds, regularly disinfect equipment, and monitor their flocks for symptoms such as difficulty breathing, loss of appetite, swelling around the eyes or head, unusual discharge, and stumbling.

While human infections with bird flu are uncommon, they can occur through exposure to infected animals' saliva, respiratory droplets, feces, or other bodily fluids. The virus can enter the human body through inhalation or transfer to the eyes, nose, or mouth. Although human-to-human transmission is rare, infections can lead to severe complications, including pneumonia and respiratory failure. Human bird flu cases have been reported in the United States since 2024.

Health experts emphasize that properly cooked poultry and eggs, as well as pasteurized milk, remain safe for consumption. Residents are also urged to avoid contact with sick, injured, or dead wild birds and to seek medical attention if they develop symptoms after potential exposure.