A novel skin patch, worn during sleep, may offer a new avenue for managing daytime stress by improving sleep quality, according to research from the University of Texas at Austin. The device, named NEUSLeeP, aims to enhance rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, a critical stage for emotional regulation and cognitive function.
Developed by researchers, the soft, wearable patch utilizes gentle ultrasound waves and electrodes to stimulate deep brain regions associated with REM sleep. This non-invasive approach avoids the need for medications or surgical procedures.
In a study involving 28 participants, the NEUSLeeP patch helped individuals reach REM sleep approximately 43 minutes faster and extend their time in this stage by about 16 minutes on average. Participants also demonstrated improved heart rate variability, a key indicator of a healthy stress response. Brain scans revealed changes in emotional circuits, suggesting potential mood benefits.
The patch proved effective for both individuals with typical sleep patterns and those experiencing sleep difficulties. Participants reported the device was comfortable and safe, with minimal side effects.
Published in the journal Nature Communications, the findings indicate that by enhancing REM sleep, the patch could help individuals better cope with stress and improve their overall well-being. Gregory Fonzo, co-principal investigator of the project, stated in a press release that REM sleep is essential for “emotional reset and stress adaptation.”
Disruptions in REM sleep have been linked to various mental health conditions, including anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Furthermore, studies have suggested a connection between prolonged time to reach REM sleep and an increased risk of developing Alzheimer's disease.
The NEUSLeeP patch presents an alternative to conventional methods for sleep disturbances, some of which may have drawbacks. For example, while white noise machines are often used to aid sleep onset, they may inadvertently compromise deep rest and reduce REM sleep duration.
Larger clinical trials are planned to further validate these findings and explore NEUSLeeP's potential as a treatment for chronic insomnia, PTSD, and depression. "Our vision is a future where patients with mental health disorders can optimize their sleep with a noninvasive and safe treatment," said project co-principal investigator Vincent Mysliwiec.