Gene-Edited Bananas That Resist Browning Near UK Supermarket Shelves

A new variety of banana, genetically edited to resist browning, is nearing availability in UK supermarkets. Developed by Tropic Biosciences, a UK-based company, the modified fruit uses CRISPR-Cas9 technology to target and deactivate three genes responsible for the browning process.

The genetic modification prevents the production of polyphenol oxidase (PPO), an enzyme that drives browning. This innovation means the peeled or cut bananas can remain fresh and appealing for up to a day, making them more versatile for culinary uses such as in fruit salads, smoothies, and desserts. According to a notice from the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA), approximately 20% of bananas are discarded due to browning, contributing to significant food waste.

Tropic Biosciences states that their non-browning banana, first launched commercially in 2025, was the world's first new banana variety in over 75 years. The company highlights that the genetic tweaks also enhance the fruit's resilience to bruising during transportation. The development aims to reduce spoilage, extend usability, create new retail opportunities, improve distribution efficiency, and lessen the environmental impact of banana consumption.

Gene editing involves making precise alterations to an organism's existing DNA, distinguishing it from genetic modification, which introduces foreign genes. The notice from DEFRA indicates that the gene-edited bananas are intended for import, retail, and consumption, similar to conventionally grown fruit. The variety has already received regulatory approval for sale in Japan and Brazil. For legal sale in England, Tropic must submit the bananas for standard food safety assessments by the Food Standards Agency.

This development follows similar advancements in gene-edited produce. Earlier this year, scientists announced the successful modification of strawberry DNA to extend their season, aiming to reduce reliance on imports. Gene-edited tomatoes, enhanced for Vitamin D content, are also under review by DEFRA. Additionally, researchers are developing cows with 'elite genetics' for improved meat quality, potentially appearing on UK supermarket shelves within three years.

CRISPR-Cas9, the gene-editing tool employed, is a bacterial system that allows for precise DNA modifications. It functions by using a guide molecule to direct an enzyme to a specific DNA sequence, where it can make a cut. This precise editing capability allows scientists to disable or alter genes, a process that differs from traditional genetic engineering methods. The technology has been used in various research applications, including the modification of genes related to inherited diseases.