As the United Kingdom anticipates a significant heatwave with temperatures potentially exceeding 40C (104F), veterinarians and animal welfare experts are advising pet owners on safe ways to keep their animals cool. They are urging against the use of wet towels and ice-cold water, which can be counterproductive.
Dr. Linda Simon, a resident vet at Pooch & Mutt, stated that wet towels can trap heat within a pet's body. Dr. Charlotte Inness, founder of VetMedi, echoed this concern, noting that while briefly effective, warm wet towels can increase trapped heat and humidity. Instead, safer alternatives such as cooling vests and mats are recommended. These items, along with foldable puncture-resistant PVC pools, allow pets to cool down safely. Dr. Inness emphasized the importance of using cool, not icy, water, as extreme cold can constrict blood vessels and hinder heat loss.
Elevated beds are also suggested as they improve airflow beneath the pet, aiding in heat dissipation from the belly.
Exercise and Hydration
Experts strongly advise reconsidering or carefully timing pet walks during extreme heat. David Martin, Group Director of Animal Welfare at Inspiring Vet Care, noted that while owners may feel guilty skipping a walk, it is often the safest choice during high temperatures. Overheating can occur rapidly in dogs, even with short exercise periods. He recommends engaging pets with indoor activities such as training sessions, puzzle feeders, or scent games for mental stimulation.
Dr. Simon reinforced this, stating, "A dog never died from missing a walk." She highlighted that very young, very old, unwell, or short-nosed breeds are particularly vulnerable to hot weather. While most dogs can tolerate up to 20C (68F), some may struggle as temperatures climb. If walks are necessary, the ideal times are early morning before the ground heats up or in the evening as temperatures cool.
Pet expert Axel Lagercrantz, CEO of Pets4Homes, suggests a simple test for pavement temperature: if it's too hot for the back of a human hand for five seconds, it's too hot for a pet's paws.
Grooming and Environment
Regular brushing can help pets regulate their temperature naturally by removing loose fur. Lagercrantz cautioned against shaving double-coated breeds, as their fur provides insulation against both sunburn and heat. Consulting a professional groomer for breed-specific advice is recommended.
All pets should have constant access to fresh water and a cool, shaded resting spot. Cats are noted as being particularly vulnerable to dehydration, and owners are encouraged to provide multiple water bowls. For small animals like rabbits and guinea pigs, keeping hutches out of direct sunlight, ensuring good ventilation, and providing cooling mats are crucial.
Indoor Dangers
Experts warn about the dangers of pets being confined in enclosed spaces. David Martin cautioned against leaving pets in conservatories or greenhouses, where temperatures can rapidly become lethal, similar to the risks associated with hot cars. Pets should never be left unattended in vehicles, even for short periods.
Diet and Heatstroke
Offering pets wet food, which contains more moisture than dry food, or adding warm water to kibble can help increase hydration. Treats such as cucumber and watermelon are also suggested for their moisture content.
Signs of heatstroke in pets include excessive panting, glazed eyes, red gums and tongue, drooling, and restlessness. If left untreated, this can progress to weakness, collapse, and difficulty breathing. In case of suspected heatstroke, owners are advised to pour cool (not icy) water over the animal (avoiding the head), use fans, and immediately seek veterinary attention, calling ahead to inform the clinic of their arrival.