Hormone replacement therapy (HRT), once a common treatment for menopausal symptoms, may offer a significant benefit in protecting bone health, according to new research. A study presented at ENDO 2026, the Endocrine Society's annual meeting, found that women using HRT had a 69% lower risk of developing low bone mineral density in their spine and hip compared to those not using the therapy.
Osteoporosis, or weakening of bones, is a common concern for aging women, increasing the risk of fractures and disability. While many women experience symptoms such as hot flashes, night sweats, and fatigue during menopause, some remain hesitant to use HRT due to past concerns about increased risks of breast and ovarian cancer.
However, recent studies, including this latest research, suggest that the benefits of HRT, particularly for bone health, may outweigh the risks for certain patients. The study analyzed DEXA scans of 387 postmenopausal women from 2021 to 2025, comparing bone density levels between the 33% who used hormonal therapy and the 67% who did not.
Researchers found that the protective effect on bone density remained consistent even after accounting for factors such as the participants' age, duration of menopause, vitamin D levels, smoking status, and other health conditions. Lead study author Diego Espinoza-Peralta, vice president of the Mexican Society of Nutrition and Endocrinology, stated that the findings suggest HRT can independently protect bones.
These results align with older research, which previously indicated that HRT users experienced a 34% reduction in hip fractures and an overall 30% reduction in fractures. Despite these bone health benefits, the medical community remains divided on prescribing HRT, as it is not suitable for all individuals.
While HRT can alleviate several menopausal symptoms, including joint pain, sleep disturbances, and hot flashes, it is associated with risks, including cancer. The Menopause Society advises that estrogen therapy can be used for up to seven years, and estrogen-progestogen therapy for three to five years, before risks increase.
The research team believes their findings could encourage clinicians to more carefully consider the benefits of HRT, especially for women early in their postmenopausal journey, potentially enhancing long-term health and quality of life.