Falls are a significant threat to the health and safety of older adults, leading to millions of injuries each year. Dr. Anita Chandra, a geriatric specialist, has highlighted a quick, 10-second screening method designed to help caregivers identify early warning signs of declining strength and balance in their aging parents. This approach, known as the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test, focuses on observing four key movements.

Standing Up

The ability to stand up from a chair without using one's arms is a crucial indicator. According to Dr. Chandra, the need to push off with hands can signify lower-body weakness or sarcopenia, a condition characterized by age-related muscle loss. This weakening can make everyday activities more challenging and increase the risk of falls.

Walking Gait

Observing how an individual walks is another important aspect. Dr. Chandra advises paying attention to whether a person walks slower, takes shorter steps, or appears unsteady. An Australian study found that older adults may stiffen their ankles to prevent falls, leading to shorter strides, slower walking speeds, and increased fatigue due to muscles working harder.

Turning Stability

Turning requires a combination of balance, coordination, and strength. A slow or unstable turn during the TUG test can signal a need for further investigation. Balance naturally begins to decline as early as age 50, and a reduced ability to stand on one foot for extended periods compared to younger adults is a potential concern. Research also suggests that better performance on balance tests is associated with increased longevity.

Sitting Down

Controlled sitting is as important as standing up. Dr. Chandra notes that falling back into a chair or plopping down can indicate declining leg strength. Identifying these subtle changes early allows caregivers to seek timely interventions, such as physical therapy evaluations, medication reviews, vision checks, or strength training programs. If caregivers observe changes in their parent's movement, consulting with a primary care clinician is recommended.