While not all cases of dementia are preventable, research suggests that addressing certain modifiable risk factors could help delay or minimize an individual's risk. These factors often relate to overall health and benefit the body as a whole, including the brain.
Central to reducing dementia risk is maintaining good heart health. This includes aiming for at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise per week, adhering to prescribed medications, and following a heart-healthy diet. The American Heart Association recommends a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean protein, while limiting saturated fats, sugars, sodium, and ultra-processed foods.
According to the Lancet Commission, several dementia risk factors are interconnected and account for a significant portion of potentially modifiable risk. These include high LDL cholesterol, obesity, hypertension, physical inactivity, and Type 2 diabetes. Experts note that conditions detrimental to heart health, such as high blood pressure, obesity, diabetes, and elevated lipid levels, are also crucial for maintaining brain health.
While some individuals may still develop dementia despite adopting healthy habits, the emphasis is on the potential for these lifestyle changes to positively impact long-term brain health. The message of hope lies in the ability to influence some of these factors to potentially mitigate risk.