Reducing vigorous physical activity by just a few minutes a day can elevate cancer risk by 15 percent, according to a study published in the journal BMC Medicine. Researchers from University College London analyzed the lifestyles of nearly 60,000 Britons and found a significant link between decreased activity and increased cancer risk.
The study, which followed 59,218 participants with an average age of 61.7 from the UK Biobank, observed over 2,385 cancer cases during an eight-year follow-up period. The analysis considered time spent sleeping, sedentary behavior like watching television, standing, and general movement at varying intensities.
Researchers found that increased physical movement was associated with a lower cancer risk. Specifically, replacing 15 minutes of sleep or sedentary time with 15 minutes of any form of movement correlated with a 2 percent reduced risk of cancer. Conversely, substituting 30 minutes of physical activity with 30 minutes of sedentary behavior was linked to an 8 percent increase in cancer risk.
Dr. John Mitchell, the study's lead author, highlighted that individuals who spend considerable time sitting are at a higher risk of cancer. He also noted that those who are typically active face increased risks if they reduce their physical activity levels. The study suggests that a loss of just two to three minutes per day of vigorous activity, replaced by sitting, sleeping, or light activity, can raise cancer risk.
Vigorous activities, defined as those that elevate heart rate and cause sweating, can include sports, rushing upstairs, or carrying heavy grocery bags. The study emphasizes the importance for individuals, particularly those already leading active lives, to maintain their activity levels as they age.
Previous research has established a strong connection between higher levels of physical activity and a reduced risk of several cancers, including bladder, breast, and bowel cancers. Current guidelines from the NHS recommend adults engage in at least 150 minutes of moderate activity or 75 minutes of vigorous activity per week. Examples of moderate activity include brisk walking or cycling, while vigorous activity encompasses hiking or playing tennis.