Conservation efforts are underway in Devon, England, to improve and expand the heathland habitats crucial for the survival of two rare ant species: the narrow-headed ant (Formica exsecta) and the erratic ant (Leptothorax erraticus).

Both species have experienced significant population declines over the past 150 years, primarily due to the loss of their specialized heathland environments. The narrow-headed ant, in particular, is found at only one known site in England, while the erratic ant is considered nationally scarce. This makes their populations particularly vulnerable.

The initiative, led by the Devon Wildlife Trust, will begin by enhancing the existing heathland conditions within nature reserves to safeguard the current ant colonies. A key objective is to increase the number of narrow-headed ant nests at Chudleigh Knighton Heath from approximately 200 to over 400.

Furthermore, the plan includes establishing new populations of both species in other heathland reserves. Sites such as Ideford Common and Teigngrace Meadow are slated to become new homes for the narrow-headed and erratic ants, aiming to broaden their geographical distribution and improve their long-term viability.

A colony of erratic ants. The ants are dark brown-black and there are about 10 of them crawling over leaves and twigs. There are three masses of white eggs.

These conservation measures are vital for preventing the extinction of these two ant species within England, addressing the historical habitat degradation that has threatened their existence.